Andrei Halias

Victory Monument in Minsk – is a significant monument erected in memory of the Soviet people's victory over Nazi Germany during the Great Patriotic War. It is also dedicated to the heroism of the soldiers of the Soviet Army, partisans, and underground fighters who died for the freedom and independence of their homeland. This majestic obelisk, located at the intersection of Independence Avenue with Zakharov and Kiselev Streets, is an architectural and artistic symbol of Minsk, attracting the attention of both locals and tourists.

History of the Creation of the Victory Monument 
The Victory Monument was solemnly opened in 1954. Architects G.V. Zaborsky and U. Karol incorporated into the project the idea of honoring the heroism of millions of people who fought against the fascist invaders. The monument is located on <a href="https://findit.city/en/belarus/minsk/leisure/tourism/sights/91/description?autoTranslate=true">Victory Square</a>, where it forms the focal point of the converging streets and is the dominant architectural feature of the entire ensemble. The semicircular facades of the buildings on the square create a natural frame for the obelisk, enhancing its grandeur.

This monument has become a symbol of victory, the preservation of historical memory, and gratitude to those who gave their lives for the future of the next generations. Its image embodies both the tragic and heroic moments of the war that the Soviet people endured.

Architectural Features of the Monument 
The Victory Monument is made in the form of an obelisk about 40 meters high, clad in gray granite. The top of the obelisk is adorned with a massive depiction of the "Victory" Order, made of bronze and smalt, which gives it particular grandeur. The edges of the obelisk are decorated with narrow bands resembling traditional Belarusian ornamentation. This combination of victory symbolism and national elements makes the monument a unique architectural object.

The base of the monument is an expanded stylobate made of black labradorite, on which is placed a bronze sword entwined with a laurel branch – a symbol of triumph and strength. This element was created by sculptor S. Saltykov. The stepped octagonal podium, which serves as the base of the monument, also features cubic stylobates adorned with bronze laurel wreaths. These wreaths symbolize the four fronts that participated in the liberation of Belarus from the Nazi-German forces.

Relief Sculptures on the Pedestal 
On the pedestal of the obelisk are four bronze reliefs, each telling about key stages of the Great Patriotic War. These works were created by famous sculptors of the time:
<ul><li>“May 9, 1945” – a relief by sculptor A. Bembel, dedicated to the day the war ended and symbolizing the joy of victory.</li> <li>“The Soviet Army during the Great Patriotic War” – by S. Selikhanov, representing the courage and heroism of Soviet soldiers.</li> <li>“Glory to the Fallen Heroes” – a relief by Z. Azgur, honoring the memory of those who gave their lives for freedom.</li> <li>“Belarusian Partisans” – a work by A. Glebov, dedicated to the Belarusian partisans who significantly contributed to the fight against the Nazi invaders.</li></ul>
These sculptural elements are made in a realistic manner, with meticulous attention to detail. The compositions emotionally convey the dramatic moments of the war, reflecting the bitterness of loss, the cruelty of battles, and the great joy of victory.

Symbolism and Significance 
The Victory Monument symbolizes the memory of the heroic past and serves as a reminder of the importance of preserving peace. The bronze sword entwined with a laurel branch not only symbolizes victory but also embodies the fragility of peace, which was won at the cost of millions of lives.

The four laurel wreaths on the obelisk's podium symbolize the four fronts that participated in the liberation of Belarus: the Belarusian, Ukrainian, Leningrad, and Baltic fronts. These fronts played a key role in the liberation of Minsk from Nazi forces in July 1944.

Eternal Flame 
One of the important elements of the memorial is the Eternal Flame, lit in front of the Victory Monument on July 3, 1961. The flame became a symbol of eternal memory of those who died in the battles for the Motherland. During Soviet times, pioneers and Komsomol members stood guard at the Eternal Flame, emphasizing the importance of patriotic education for youth.

Today, the Eternal Flame continues to burn, and flowers are laid annually in memory of the fallen. This place has become the center for official events dedicated to Victory Day and other commemorative dates.

Conclusion 
Victory Monument in Minsk is not just a monument but an important historical symbol that unites the past and the present. Its majestic architecture, rich symbolism, and realistic reliefs evoke strong emotions in those who visit this place. The monument reminds us of the sacrifices of war, the heroism, and resilience of the people who defended their freedom and independence.

For Minsk and all of Belarus, this monument remains a center of patriotic memory and pride. It carries an important message to future generations that peace and freedom are values that must be defended at any cost.

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